2013年11月14日 星期四

outlines

Topic:

What I see back from the exchange in Lin Fen

Main Idea:

The differences between students in Lin Fen and us and the causes behind our differences.

Topic sentences: 

Topic sentence 1:

We went to Lin Fen First High School for academic exchange.
(Summarize the days there.)

Topic sentence 2:

From many activities we attend together, I find them really humble and seemed inflexible. I don't mean we don't have good rules, but what they made me feel was like they were under a strict rule and more pressure, whether in study or daily life. Their imagination and creativity were limited.

a) applause: They like to applaud almost anywhere and anytime.
b) ideology: They were sometimes afraid of asking some questions.
c) class schedule: We have at most 8 classes a day bur they get 12. What's more, they don't have 2 days holiday like we do every week. However, they get to take a break on Saturday afternoon, and return to school on Sunday afternoon.
d) manners/ learning attitude: They seemed to be under a great pressure on school work and thus there we could see mountains of textbooks and reference books. Also, during class, they pay great attention and discuss their thoughts smoothly when asked to.
e) envy us for our "freedom": They were so surprised and jealous when they heard of the variety of activites we have here in Taiwan's high schools.
e) hosting: While collaborating with their host and hostess, I saw a very big difference that they were really conservative and, on the other hand, they turned out to be quite inflexible.
f) messages they left for us: Mostly we receive really similar messages.

Topic sentence 3:

There isn't a right and wrong or ups and downs between these differences. It only depends on which one do you prefer, and it differs between people. It's hard to get into the deepest reasons that led to the differences, but there are some feelings that I can share to all.

a) applause: Since they applaud so often, sometimes I got a little embarrassed (because I was the one who was receiving the claps). Yet it still encourages people in some way. I think this can be considered a good and cool habit which shows good manners. I'm curious about this: Were they taught to do so?
b) ideology: 
c) class schedule/manners/learning attitude/hosting/messages they left for us: In their culture, still there many things are determined by "scores". And much because lots of things are done there only because one is related to another who has authority over something, thus the college entrance exam is so important for the, since that might be the only way for them to reach their goal with their own effort.
Here is what I found on the Internet:
中華人民共和國教育法對教育的理解是:「為了發展教育事業,提高全民族的素質,促進社會主義物質文明和精神文明建設,根據憲法,制定本法。」
中華民國教育法對教育的理解是:「為保障人民學習及受教育之權利,確立教育基本方針,健全教育體制,特制定本法。」
Since there is such difference, this leads to the "stuff education(填鴨式教育)" there. But this isn't totally bad since they are really having sturdy training. We are proud of our "not so stuff education compared to theirs" and is emphasized that we have multi-development for students. But things seem not so absolute.
Though they left similar messages, and those were like poems or articles they memorized before, but it is sure to see that they could apply what they've learned into use.
The education also influenced the way they hold an activity. The hosts there speak conservatively and the lines were well-prepared. Ours were prepared, too, but what I mean is that their lines were written like the way we write an article, serious. Ours were more lively and flexible, so it's easier for us to deal with emergencies; theirs were "safe", but they got to be sure that everything is under control.
d) envy us for our "freedom": Compared with us, it seemed that they have "less freedom". For instance, they were ruled to live in the dormitory. However, maybe they are under more rules but it doesn't just completely means bad. There is always pros and cons in any kind of system.

2013年11月11日 星期一

Research on Ideology

辭條:意識型態(Ideology)

意識形態(Ideology)是特定的一組概念或一個概念體系。在用法上可以指稱某個歷史時期社會思潮;反映一定階級或特定社會集團的利益和要求的系統思想、觀念的總體;或是政治制度、經濟和社會型態的思想體系。簡而言之是一種認知體系、一種世界觀。不同的社會階級與社會集團成員經常是抱持著相異的意識型態,而意識型態之間的鬥爭則發生在社會各個領域如政治、經濟、文化、藝術、法律等等之中;佔有優勢地位的意識形態常以一種「中立」的姿態呈現,而所有其他與這個標準不同的意識形態則常常被視為異端或偏見。
意識形態這個概念的正式提出和原始意義應始於法國的啟蒙運動,最早提出這個概念並立之為觀念科學的是法國18至19世紀的學者德崔希(Destutt de Tracy,1754-1836)。他首創「意識型態(Ideologie)」一詞,並賦予該詞「思想科學」的意義,以之為所有科學的基礎。黑格爾(Georg Wilhelm Friedrich   Hegel,1770-1831)則認為意識泛指一切精神現象。馬克思(Karl Marx,1818-1883)則以唯物主義觀點闡釋了意識形態,融會德崔希和黑格爾這兩派學說,視意識型態為一種客觀的隨人類社會的矛盾在歷史上發展程度而變化的動態現象。馬克斯更將其經濟、政治和社會理論作為研究意識型態的基礎,提出居統治地位的意識型態也正是統治階級的意識型態的批判觀點。
新馬克思主義學者阿圖塞(Louis Althusser)則將意識型態延伸為由外部文化所建構和塑造的整套再現系統與論述,而媒體、法律、教育、政治系統等意識型態國家機器則透過每日不斷的運作建立並合法化社會規範,達成意識形態控制的目的。
對於意識型態常有的兩種誤解,一是視之為獨立存在並可指導社會各領域,另一則將之視為只是社會特定領域或各領域各自的衍生產物,無自主性。合理的看法是意識型態既是再現了特定社會存在,也同時是社會存在與構成的一部分。其與其他部分之間,依時空等各項條件,有著錯綜複雜的關係,會一同變遷,而有時也會被視為變遷的動力或是結果。
延伸閱讀
1.孟登迎。意識形態與主體建構:阿爾都塞意識型態理論。北京市:中國社會科學出版社。2002。
2.Althusser, Louis. On Ideology. New York: Verso, 2008.
3.楊小濱。否定的美學:法蘭克福學派的文藝理論和文化批評。臺北市:麥田,1995。


http://hep.ccic.ntnu.edu.tw/browse2.php?s=657

Topic, Topic Statement, Main Ideas (new new version)

Topic:

What I see back from the exchange in Lin Fen

Main Idea:

The differences between students in Lin Fen and us and the causes behind our differences.

Topic sentences: 

Topic sentence 1:

We went to Lin Fen First High School for academic exchange.
(Summarize the days there.)

Topic sentence 2:

From many activities we attend together, I find them really humble and seemed inflexible.

supporting examples:
  • applause
  • ideology--afraid of asking some questions

Topic sentence 3:

I don't mean we don't have good rules, but what they made me feel was like they were under a strict rule and more pressure, whether in study or daily life.

supporting examples:
  • class schedule
  • manners/ learning attitude
  • envy us for our "freedom"

Topic sentence 4:

Their imagination and creativity were limited.

supporting examples:

  • hosting
  • messages they left for us

2013年11月10日 星期日

Topic, Topic Statement, Main Ideas (new version)

Topic:

What I see back from the exchange in Lin Fen

Main Idea:

The differences between students in Lin Fen and us and the causes behind our differences.

Topic sentences: 

Topic sentence 1:

We went to Lin Fen First High School for academic exchange.
(Summarize the days there.)

Topic sentence 2:

Here are some points I saw.
  • class schedule
  • manners/ learning attitude
  • applause
  • hosting
  • ideology--afraid of asking some questions
  • envy us for our "freedom"

Topic sentence 3:

Their imagination and creativity were limited.

2013年11月6日 星期三

Topic, Topic Statement, Main Ideas

Topic:

What led to the great difference between Lin Fen and us

Main Idea 1:

Topic sentence: 

We went to Lin Fen First High School for academic exchange and there I saw much difference.
From the class schedule...

Main Idea 2:

Topic sentence:

I did the hosting of the show with some fellow students in Lin Fen and we differ in style.
From this point...
I talked with a reporter about their student council...

Main Idea 3:

Topic sentence:

When we were going on with the cultural exchange, I could see their curiosity if knowing everything.

Advice from Teacher Hazel

Teacher Hazel admitted that she couldn't help much with my project but I really had a nice talk with her. She's cool!
Since I'd been worrying about my topic was something our whole class experienced ALL together instead of my personal experience and I felt kind of bad, Teacher Hazel taught me a way to solve this problem--I would just admit this right in the beginning of the speech like saying, "Hey, I know we've been there together, but here are some points I saw myself and I'd like to share with you guys..."

Other we talked about the direction my topic is going. I feel like my topic is becoming some academic report digging into the difference between two cultures, but what I really want was something like interactions between people.
Teacher Hazel gave me a point--exchange students--that was an interesting one. However that was something not related to my personal experience and it would be difficult to do that way.
Thus, I am right back to the topic about Lin Fen since I could take advantage of the experience I have.
The solution I got from Miss You is that I may combine the "interaction" part in my big topic, maybe use this point to help with the whole topic.

2013年11月4日 星期一

Some Extra Points

  • Since I did the hosting for the presentation, I collaborated with many members of their student council. I really admire them of their capability running the whole show. To my surprise, when I told a reporter how great the student council was, he shook his head. We may propose and vote for something we want. However, not like us, he told me that the student council there only did what the superiors assigned them to do. If the head don't agree with them, there is nothing left to say.
  • The students there really like to applaud. Why so? Are they taught to?
  •  I introduced 6 books we read in the previous and present semester. Miss You said, they should read many books, too, don't they? But after the conversation with the reporter, he told me that here, students only read books that are associated with  the lessons such as The Dream of the Red Chamber, Water Margin...etc. Other outside readings will be complement only when they enter college.
  • When I was introducing things above, I was really afraid of them feeling bored. I asked them, "Do you still want to learn more?" They gave me great feedback saying, "Yes! Keep going! Keep going!" Later I asked again, they still gave me the same feedback. That really encouraged me. 

2013年11月3日 星期日

Topic, Main Idea, Outline

Topic: 

Points I see after days in Lin Fen

Main Idea:

  • Fellow students in Lin Fen envy us for our "freedom". Or I would like to say just in contrast, we have lots more extracurricular activities and holidays. 
  • During the hosting, I found that their style was more conservative. Unlike us, we turned out to be much more lively and flexible.
  • Because of ideology, even when they were curious about something, they were often afraid to ask the question for fear that they may touch the taboos.
  • Above all, I want to learn more about WHY and HOW come they were so different from us.

Outline:

  • Begin with briefly talking about the summary of days in Lin Fem and emphasize the points I'm going to discuss later.
  • ideology
  • (factors that influence their education?)
  • (continue with the previous idea)---their imagination and creativity were limited